Tesla Turbine | The interesting physics behind it
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- Published on Jun 2, 2021
- The maverick engineer Nikola Tesla made his contribution in the mechanical engineering field too. Look at one of his favorite inventions - a bladeless turbine, or Tesla Turbine. The Tesla turbine had a simple, unique design, yet it was able to beat the efficiency levels of steam turbines at that time. Normal turbines are complex in design, with blades of complicated geometry and stator parts. Nikola Tesla once said the Tesla turbine is his favorite invention and he even claimed an efficiency level of 97% for this turbine. Let’s start a design journey to understand this interesting piece of technology, and towards the end we will also verify Tesla’s efficiency claim.
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I was part of team that built one of these for an Airforce design competition in college. We could reliably get ~94% efficiency with a closed loop superheated steam system harvesting exhaust heat from a small jet engine and got just below 96% efficiency in some ideal test cases. The main limiting factors were that the discs had to be designed to stretch uniformly without distorting at ~40k RPM and that the gaps between the disks had to be designed for an incredibly specific set of operating parameters (steam temp, pressure, velocity, etc.). The smallest variations, or while waiting for it to spin up, and we wouldn't even get close to those efficiencies. A lot of the initial designs weren't efficient enough to reach the right parameters at all.
I can't believe anyone cares.
@Zach Ruch The bladed turbine has had trillions of dollars thrown at it in R&D that continues today. All of that is to solve problems in design and materials. How much has been thrown at any of Tesla's projects? Outside of the university projects given to grad students as a thesis publication for graduation purposes and the "off the public" books of government experiment. (i am not a conspiracy theorist. let's face it the Manhaton Project is a prime example of government conpartmental experinment). How much do you suppose? Some of Nikola Tesla's works could make a lot of the top industrialists very poor and make the WEF irrelevant. One more question. Have you ever wondered why man was using horse and buggy up unitl the 19th century and gas to light up a room until the early 20th? If you go by the Bible Time line that would be roughly 4000 years of walking, pack animal, and horse. If you go by the Evolution Time Line that would be in the millions of years before any improvement. What was the catalyst that accelerated all of this industrial developement? Why do we have so many videos that say that Tesla's works are an engineering impossiblity?
Can't have it !! It's too powerful. It needs to be banned !!
@Ness StillinPJ's word salad.
Tesla's genius was finding solutions to problems. By doing so, he also created a few problems which, therefore, made him even more inventive.
@IEDER1ÉÉN thanks for the wisdom, what's your thoughts on Jesus Christ and God?
@IEDER1ÉÉN wdym?
How did you come to that conclusion?
He is risen!✝️🙏🙌
Romans 1:5-6
5 Through Him we have received grace and apostleship for obedience to the faith among all nations for His name, 6 among whom you also are the called of Jesus Christ;
Ephesians 1:17
17 that the God of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of glory, may give to you the spirit of wisdom and revelation in the knowledge of Him,
Philippians 2:9-11
9 Therefore God also has highly exalted Him and given Him the name which is above every name, 10 that at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, of those in heaven, and of those on earth, and of those under the earth, 11 and that every tongue should confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father.
Colossians 1:9
Preeminence of Christ
9 For this reason we also, since the day we heard it, do not cease to pray for you, and to ask that you may be filled with the knowledge of His will in all wisdom and spiritual understanding;
2 John 3
3 Grace, mercy, and peace will be with you from God the Father and from the Lord Jesus Christ, the Son of the Father, in truth and love.
Being a civil engineer who has studied fluid mechanics for 3 semester I am totally flabbergatsed by Tesla. This is mind blowing..
That was an excellent way to explain boundary layer theory in a simple manner! The rest of the video is also great.
👍
Imagine this turbine on the emergency purge systems of Dams...
Wouldn't the next upgrade to the system naturally involve multiple smaller tesla turbines since the size of the discs is the limiting factor? Seems weird that it would go through such an evolutionary path but the question of micro scaling wouldn't be brought up. You could then scale the system up to handle the same amount of input and you would dramatically improve longevity as well by having less strain on the system. We also have materials such as microfiber nanotubes among others with incredible properties.
@Daniel Hani see exactly, you don’t need the disks to move fast, just the gas
@aohige 🤦🏿♂️ exactly the opposite, no actually you need the gas to move fast for max efficiency and not the disks themselves
@Nub Tub I don't understand why no one on the internet knows how to spell "dependent". I do understand why they don't know how to use quotes.
The efficiency of tesla's invention is based on how much energy you get from the flow. This energy is a centripetal force exerted onto the disk and is a function of the drag on the disk, this drag is affected by the surface area. Minimizing the size reduces the area which reduces drag thus reduces the force and efficiency. The problem with the disks being too big for that speed is caused by an engineering concept called "moment" not the time concept but rather the behavior that raise the magnitude of forces. To understand moment in a simple way try opening the door by pushing near the handle it's easy because it is away from the hinges of the door that are on the other side. But try pushing the door open halfway through the door it gets harder and harder as you get closer to the hinge which would likely lead you to exert all your strength and barely make the door move this is because you are getting closer to the axis of rotation and the weight of the door cause a frictional force at the hinge which your body can't win against unless your force is increased. Moment is force x distance from the axis of rotation. More distance = more moment which means less of need to exert more force. But with this concept when it comes to going 50,000 rpm on 3 meter disks, at the edge of the disk 3 meters away from the axis of rotation you have more moment so much more that the material in fact every material will fail because we don't have knowledge of any material that can withstand that much exerted force. The only thing we know that's large and can spin fast is neutron stars that spin at 9% the speed of light but they have so much mass and gravity holding them in place that a tea spoon is literally a compressed earth.
TESLA : "It seems that I have always been ahead of my time. I had to wait nineteen years before Niagara was harnessed by my system, fifteen years before the basic inventions for wireless which I gave to the world in 1893 were applied universally."
we have to wait more for Tesla Turbine because we dont have strong enough material this monster :)
@Charles slater, dude your smoking that good shit
You would need it to be machined the way they produce satellite parts, we have a much better ability to create precision parts. I'll bet they warped due to imperfections in either the fluid or the rotor.
array not giga engine.....
@David Hughes true but to play devils advocate tesla put it on the backburner and didnt do anything with it. tesla had the problem of inventing something and then just leaving it alone and not touching it again.
Tesla invented radio but Marconi stole the idea. Marconi was like the Steve Jobs of his time steal or take credit for ideas and market them as his own.
Something even more incredible that was illustrated in this video but not talked about is the "Tesla Valve". This man was an absolute genius.
The Tesla valve is less impressive than this. The valve does not fully work.
Yes, simplicity like that blows my mind. Math has in some degree destroyed the Teslas of the world, its made science less accessible to the budding geniuses.
The channel already have a video on it
The 220φ engine accelerates the ions confined in a loop to moderate the relatarvistic speeds, and then varies their velocity to make slight changes to their mass. The 221φ engine then moves ions back and forth to produce ions, thus traveling in a vacuum line, so please use cruise control on the interstate.
We could reliably get ~94% efficiency with a closed loop superheated steam system harvesting exhaust heat from a small jet engine and got just below 96% efficiency in some ideal test cases. The main limiting factors were that the discs had to be designed to stretch uniformly without distorting at ~40k RPM and that the gaps between the disks had to be designed for an incredibly specific set of operating parameters (steam temp, pressure, velocity, etc.).
Thanks for another excellent video clearly explained and illustrated with great graphics.
Perhaps Tesla's turbine could be modified to have max efficiency at much lower RPM levels if
-the input pressure is increased e.g. by hydraulic head (gravity) and a tapered inlet
-the surfaces of the disks were textured or even e.g. radially ribbed like millstones.
I am a degree plus qualified mechanical design engineer and this description of the effects is far and away the best I have ever heard! I have subscribed and I’m looking forward to seeing many more of your videos. The only thing I would say is that whilst most people understand the idea of centrifugal force it doesn’t exist! As I was taught at university it’s centripetal force acting towards the centre of the rotation but as the diameter decreases so the force therefore it is greatest at the maximum diameter!
Would rotational inertia be a better way describe the forces acting on the discs?
Well made examples of something a good few people could make themselves, thanks for posting
Your caption led me to believe there was some mysterious hidden knowledge about the physics of Tesla's turbine but this is more or less regurgitating published information that Tesla fanatics have been sharing and swapping with one another and have been experimenting with for decades. I do want to compliment you on your article and your explanation and illustrations. Twenty years ago your video here would have advanced my understanding a lot sooner because even if I understand it now, it was slow to get into my sometimes thick skull. Great video. I don't think we fully realized Tesla's true genius.
Very interesting tech. I'm glad it can be used under different scale projects.
I think Tesla's idea was that given sufficient materials capable of taking such forces it could achieve 97% efficiency.
Tesla was a genius! Not because his inventions were something that no one could make, but exactly because they were very easy to make if you knew which scientific principal i can be applied to which part of an invention.
I think that's what makes him a genius.
So basically he just kept it simple
@Ossie Dunstan The video literally shows how this tech is used in industry. Also it's funny how you call AC power one invention when he literally came up with the end-to-end system from production. He even invented capacitors which are absolutely crucial to modern life.
@Sergey Romanov The last few seconds of the video literally show examples of this tech in industry, complete with pictures lmao. And the turbine vs pump is literally just an argument of language. It's the exact same tech. The input/output side doesn't matter. Like the dude literally invented AC power, what more do you want-?
Excellent video!
Incredibly well explained and detailed.
Congrats ;-) and huge thanks for making and sharing :-)
Very good explanation, clear and on the point!
Not all things are meant to be enlarged, some are, precisely, very efficient the size they are or even smaller. Several small tesla turbines connected to a differential, then a gearbox and so on you could harness a lot of power from several small turbines, and equal their overall output. If you make it a closed circulation system, try additives and options besides water, maybe efficiency can increase. There are different materials nowadays that can withstand incredible forces. I mean, steam turbines have received a lot of research, A LOT, it's only normal their efficiency is so high. Tesla turbines have a lot of potential!
they have very low torque and not ideal for large scale power generation. I built one and did research while in college.
That boundary layer highly depends on the fluid being used. Tesla's design was based on water. There are many fluids that have very low cohesion like castor oil, but water has a unique property of high cohesion. Surely PTFE should suck for boundary layer. So, adhesion levels would be between the material of the disk and the fluid. Some kind of anodic fluid to metal substrate might be best, but wear out. It would be interesting to see more videos about titanium disks with some kind of cobalt substrate and cupric fluid for more magnetic type cohesion and adhesion. Anyway, the design is so simple, but has potential that people just left on the design floor. Crazy.
I'm just a software engineer so excuse my ignorance, but could you make disks that can sustain the centrifugal force out of graphene (once graphene is mass produced).
I think the newest members of the material world might play in there somewhere... "tantalum carbide and hafnium". But I really like your answer. I'd say time to bring in the science team and see if a better, more stronger carbiding or carburizing of these new materials is capable...
The interaction between a jet of steam and the buckets (vanes) of a modern impulse turbine is pretty close to an elastic collision, while the interaction between a jet of steam and a stack of flat discs is an inelastic collision.
To put it another way, in a Tesla turbine, we are trying to achieve maximum friction, while in a conventional turbine we are trying to minimize it. This is why I have trouble believing Tesla's efficiency claims.
If we had time machines, I would love to use one to bring Tesla to the future so he could continue his experiments with new tech. Man was a legend of his time and I bet if he lived today he would make something even greater.
@Fuzz Blightyear In my city a local energy company donated money to a politician that started making attempts to ban wind turbines. They are, in fact, actively attempting to make renewable energy illegal. They're just not very good at it.
@Ozmayne Musk is the modern Edison. Other people do the work, he just owns them and puts his name on anything they create. Musk has never invented a thing.
@Jacqueline Brunder Time does exist, it's intrinsically linked to space. Spacetime is already experimentally tested and holds up to the greatest of scrutiny we've managed to date. Now gravity on the other hand, gravity doesn't exist. Something Einstein and Newton disagreed on, obviously, but Einstein proved him wrong almost immediately. Anything falling towards a given mass has an inertial frame of reference. Spacetime curves around mass. Gravity isn't real.
Einstein figured shit out that scientists today are now going "oh hey, turns out he was right". If we got Einstein and Tesla together in the same room and had them bouncing ideas off of each other and testing their hypotheses, we'd already have flying cars. And colonies on Mars. And an extragalactic mission to study Andromeda.
He actually built first one as a more efficient water pump. He notice farmer of potato fields behind lab was having hard time flooding fields between harvest. Was taking to long with conventional pumps at time. He tested pump and found it was way better. The original pump is hidden away in safe place.
Imagine being like Tesla and able to have working exploded diagrams in your head that you can tweak machine parts, before it's even a physical object in the real world! He basically had a modern computer with a monitor in his head. Next level inner monologue!
What it seems unrealistic now as engineer could be kids play in the future. Tesla still ahead of our current time and we still has long way to go to catch the application of some of his concepts. Best regards and be safe
I Really liked this video and it was fascinating learning something about Tesla! I am no engineer, so it was good graphics and the simplicity that made this such a good video to watch!
When your idea is so great, not even your era's best resources can't withstand its strength
@john krappweis lol just made ur reply 69 and there was a reply under u that was also 69 lol nice
your great son's era*
Tesla spinning AC Hydro powered ''Deu x machin'' made to much N.G apparently soo why can't they not just repeat that thermal mashine for fluid motion in Ox of air (Maybe even vacuucm ,?,)
Apparently the fool's reversed such as not to over power stuff :
(I think it was this one) To simply make 1.1 pizo magnetic void as a example in Oxygen of air (Slap's a pressured air nozzle to dual inlets) an Job's a good un ,
when your idea is practically useless
@Blue Bandit Good point! Because they arent really inventions as they dont work (yet). Can easily think of a couple. But the thread also gives you a few examples. Like a space-elevator. Traveling to space is extremely costly! Spaceelevators would significantly decrease the cost of transporting stuff to space, however - We don't have materials that are capable to withstand the stress involved in such high elevators.
But my point is, that it can be said about many things, if i only imagine materials with the properties I need for my invention.
Poor Nikola, he was born a few centuries ahead of time. He’s one of the most misunderstood geniuses
@Diviance , Nikola Tesla has 900 inventions with patents ,
And you have how many ?
ZERO
@Diviance just go back to your Metaverse
If Tesla was born in current times , no one will know about his existence. He would work for some big tech company and they will own all right to his inventions.
@CastleKnight7 did your parents have any kids that lived?
@Aleks Avram man, it's useless to get offended, I'm not saying this to piss you off or because I think my opinion is "superior" he was a technologue, an inventor, an engineer, not a scientist.
Tesla was way out on theoritical physics as others have noted
And by the way potzu chistionai deu puru in una lingua chi nimmancu scisi ca esistidi, figuradiri
(I can too speak in a language you don't even know exists, imagine that)
I thought by changing between the plates would work. But on second thought I think by damping the exhaust's, the one could control the heat in the boiler and control the speed of the turbine.
Проблема турбины Тесла,как и турбины Лаваля это преобразование высоких оборотов в приемлемые 1500-2000об.мин.Редуктора больше турбин в 3 ,4 раза.При таких оборотах сильно повышается требование к деталям,центробежная сила измеряется в тоннах.Турбины Лаваля развивали до 30 000 оборотов и лоптки при отрыве пробивали чугунные корпуса.Да это можно использовать,но с другими материалами.
I cannot imagine how terrifying it would be to be near 3 meter disks spinning at 50 grand.
@RedfishCarolina I wasn't? If you notice, I didn't respond when you didn't understand what I was getting at with my first comment. Somebody else was a little more confrontational and I didn't let it go.
And it's a colloquialism that none of the people I know use, so there is that. Maybe it's an American thing...
@RedfishCarolina I think you'll find they are called colloquialisms.
@Khy Maaren How about you go ask them, since you seem to be the only one here that doesn't understand how euphemisms work.
@RedfishCarolina Don't get your panties in a bunch. Ask ten random people what they understand when you say a number followed by grand and report back. You may consult a dictionary, as well.
Man really said
"I'm limited by the technology of my time"
He was and he will still be limit by technology of our ow time. What we need are several Tesla mind like today being expert in different fields, that would be a boost of our tech today that got kind of slow at this time
@Colin I would say, yes, by far. It would be the most powerful turbine on the planet. The only reason we don't do it are for the obvious material stress flaws. Also, I would assume the Tesla turbine would be even better in our modern age if we kept making improvements overall like the way we did with our own used turbines. Did you know, he also had the belief that everyone should have wireless electricity? Could you imagine a world where electricity was wireless and we did not even need cords? We are getting there :)
@Proton Neutron blah blah blah I'll post anything I damn well please and you can love it..k? K.
@Proton Neutron irrelevant opinion. Dismissed.
I was afraid you were going to claim, like so many Tesla fans do, that this design was perfect, and that politics prevented it from being used. Thanks for doing this the right way.
The genius of Nicola Tesla is indescribable!!! A man well ahead of his time. Just imagine if this man was here today and have available to him today's materials and technology. Imagine Tesla working together side by side with Musk. What a wonderful world it would be.
Musk is nothing like Nicola Tesla.
I imagine that the tesla turbine could potentially generate the energy mentioned in the video if the discs were made of a stronger metal. But then again, I'm not trained in this stuff yet.
Fascinating & so interesting how inventions evolve & get used. So enjoyed watching + super liked
Finally someone fully explained why we don't use Tesla turbines in powerhouses. I work on steam turbines in the powerhouses during shutdowns. Most of the engineers I have talked with didn't even know what a Tesla turbine was, let alone why we didn't use them.
@Proton Neutron yeah on a clutch or an automatic transmission both of which rely on clamping pressure more than friction.
In torque converters its the fluid being scooped up by the blades and "thrown" into opposing blades to "catch" the fluid that transmits power friction in a torque converter LOWERS its ability to transmit force.
Also inertia is not friction. friction is to materials asperities interacting
@Adam Perry right the interaction of matter to matter causes motion. Another word for "friction" in physics is imparting inertia. Thanks for playing
@Proton Neutron no it doesn’t a torque converter functions as a conventional turbine. Your motor turns an turbine which propels fluid which hits a stator to redirects flow to an impeller, this fluid hitting the impeller blades is what transfers energy
Your thinking of a either a clutch or a automatic transmission but they both have force applied to them to increase friction.
It’s because they are a novelty. The largest issue with Tesla turbines is that they generate an extremely small amount of torque. With the example they used as and industrial Tesla turbine it probably wouldn’t even be able to get up to the 50000 rpm range as it would t be able to overcome frictional losses.
My man Tesla was literally limited by the technology of his time
@Dragonax Yes otherwise they will reach worm holes.
Every scientist today is literally limited by techonlogy
man Tesla would be limited by the technology of our time
Imagine where we'd be if Tesla could have used these animations and tech in his day!
Wow, you did a great job explaining this! I found if fascinating! Maybe materials science with catch up to Nicola Tesla someday.
you could also increase the drag coefficient on the plates by roughing up the surface, this however would add some turbulence to the system.
If Tesla was alive today what wonders could he come up with?
This guy was a true genius.
Wouldnt mattwr, because big energy wont be interested. Guess why.
@SSB MEMES what
Yeah, A genius thatdoes not understand fluid dynamics or how to calculate them 🤔 lol
not much more than then,and not much different,we would just stagnate without his tesla coils,as he could calculate the most complex formulas in his head in a matter of seconds,and it would be nearly impossible for someone like edison to accomplish this...
@joshua casildo no, Musk is _very_ good at recycling old ideas, and claiming they are new... electric cars, hyperloop, reusable rockets, flamethrowers, boring-machines...nothing new.
I kinda like how everyone focuses on the materials needed to get a large disc spinning mach 13 and not the energy source required to get such a large disc spinning that fast
Probably because we already know how to boil water with fire, heat from the sun, or splitting atoms. That's a completely different topic.
The whole point of that example was to match the level of the energy source which is commonly seen in industrial power plants that use traditional turbines. We have the energy source already. We don't have the materials.
It is be relatively easy in comparison though, just add pressure.
the time when a guy went too far ahead of his time
i was wondering in the past if a superfluid, such as liquid helium 2 for example, could make the viscous force upon the boundary layer more bearable than standard fluids, eliminating disc warping/breakage and allowing for higher performance/efficiency?
no doubt tesla would have a field day with modern materials at his disposal
Does this require (or work better with) laminar flow? Because I believe the free flow area is larger with turbulent flow.
I love this! we can make assumptions based on everything we know and limit our progress. Here, Tesla shows us that there's always room for what we don't know to take us where we haven't been before. I.e. that smooth disc will never spin like a conventional turbine. there's no "grip". BUT, ...AH HA!!
I love how Nikola Tesla’s Inventions can all be summed up as “ it works to good to work practically”
A lot of Tesla's inventions are about maximizing for some attribute. Turbines are for turning linear fluid kinetic energy into torque. The fan blade design lets fluid flow past, and can't approach a theoretical 100% conversion. So he came up with a design that makes the fluid stop and leak out the sides perpendicular, converting all of that energy in principle. The faster the incoming stream, the faster the device rotates, and the more the fluid has to slow down before exiting the device.
So basically Tesla saw people inventing "good-enough" solutions that could never maximize the desired result. He invented things that could get infinitely close to the best possible result. But the thing about infinites is that if you expand one variable in a system infinitely, you also tend to expand other variables infinitely. In this case, infinitely close to 100% efficiency also means infinite fluid speed, infinite RPMs, and infinite disk/casing durability. If you pull it back to reasonable inputs, it turns out that the "good-enoughs" that can never reach the theoretical maximum even with infinite input, beat the max-potential device. At least until we invent ways to increase the reasonable limit of the inputs.
@mike L yeah other than being totally different, sound waves and electromagnetic waves are very similar.
@Charles Thomas you can do both. oh sorry go ahead wave effects are fun just calls some thing different but basically the same thing and used. Point to point through air is done you know sonar is radar basically for under water.
yeah, his stuff is useless
@vocalsforever No, Faraday discovered the concepts. Pixxi invented the reality of it and Tesla took the credit. Sorry to bring your god down.
Making this more efficient is easy. Have scoops direct flow inwards at a diagonal angle. Have a swirl style channel and dimples and bumps on the plates. Have it exit at the center like normal. It now is trapped and producing viscous force throughout the swirl channels as fast as it can. Exiting with a good amount more force expended into the plates.
I know absolutely nothing about physics or turbines and somehow I understood his entire explanation. Good job!👍
Basically the efficiency limit is reached due to the physical limits of the materials used - within normal atmospheric pressures. I wonder therefore if it could operate at faster speeds in a highly compressed atmosphere... or even inside an incompressible medium like water for example?
@Merendel Wouldn't equal pressure prevent the materials from ripping it apart?
Put it inside a liquid and try it. I bet you get more velocity despite the resistance of the medium.
Aiming for faster speeds would just make the material problems worse. Increasing the pressure wont change the tangental velocity of the disk from trying to rip the materials apart. what you want is a set of conditions that allows for full efficiency at lower RPM.
I wonder how well Tesla's Turbine would work to power a home near a stream. I would assume you would need a greater flow of water.
Would be interesting to know what this design could achieve with titanium disks.
I wonder how this would work with output potential at the lower speeds to keep the turbine in one piece until a load larger and larger load is applied and with the power output of the pump could be increased to manage the load until the demand is no longer needed, hence back off the turbine speed. I guess delta would have to come into play over power, delta being the time to get those higher rpms built and turning into mechanical energy. Guess I'm asking with so much potential sitting at any giving point how quickly can it be turned into a mechanical energy for larger loads like a end load? any quicker or efficient than steam turbine in the same event?
I remember hearing about this device even in high school, I'm glad it has found at least some application
My interests are not in a large size, I want to produce just enough to keep one resident going. I’m looking at the hydro concept. I like the encased example. First what if you add raised swirls on a disk and lit water come through an upper port as the Tesla example showed. Now if you were to force water through it in an controlled manner turning a small turbine with a shaft protruding out one side to turn a pump to return the use water back to its original point.
This is what I’m thinking in my case . I own my own home, what if I was able to build a way to catch rain water from my houses roof. Then pump this water through an opening in a small turbine example given to us in this video. Now as the water flows through this system provide a reservoir to catch the water passing through the system 1. When the wheel turns you produce electricity as the water passes through the system . 2. When the turbine turns either as the wheel in the turbine turns use it as the the pump. Or you could the power it produces to move the stores back to its original starting point. Which I was thinking above the turbine you made. 3. I’ve been studying on how to make a homemade generator, I even have a Honeywell Redi- Line motor generator on hand to start the process. You could potentially have an in endless power source. Thank for getting the wheels in my mind going.
How about this idea... you have a rainwater collection tarp (think an inverted pyramid that gravity pulls water to the exit at the bottom)
You could have this water uphill on your property or elevate it, to use gravity for your benefit. Have the rain collected water go to a cistern size of your choosing (which would be filtered to your liking. I prefer reverse osmosis deionized filters, if I was building a home, they run about 2k)
If you have the extra water from your cistern overflow into the entrance of your generator and irrigation system, now your free rain water turns into plants, and energy from your water wheel turbine!
Some states have laws against rainwater collecting, and have certain stipulations about where you can direct rivet and stream water
A few acres with a stream through it is a GREAT buy. The river is obviously invaluable, possibly fish, frogs, bugs, deer, rabbits. Potential kinetic energy as well
So yeah man those are my thoughts on the whole deal
Also consider what safety measures you would put in, in case of a flood
It's in the laws of physics that you will lose all the energy you gained if you pump the water back up to it's starting point.
Imagine building something so efficient, that it breaks itself apart
@Tim Holmes
I think the obvious problem would be how do you seal the vacuum in and still be able to move the fluid over the discs to generate angular momentum. The presence of the fluid itself alone nulifies the idea of a vacuum, as the fluid needs to have an intake and an outlet to generate spin.
I was thinking about the possibility of designing the disc with small pins running across the discs at intervals holding the frame together to counter the effect of the centrifugal force causing the discs to warp. I wonder if this would adversely impact the level of wear on the assembly and severely impact the durability and practicality of the turbine.
@TheChzoronzon sounds a bit like Michael Faraday, not writing equations and all (was ole Mick a bookbinder originally?). We need more tinkerers like Tesla, there just doesn't seem to be enough of them around today. God knows what we'd find out if we had more of the likes of him around.
what? so high rpm. not so efficient. even if it had garbage efficiency it would destroy itself at that rpm.
I believe it worked . And I don't know why they haven't made a engine base on this knowledge.
I first learning about this phenomenon when I was working at a pizza place. When I was doing the dishes, I discovered that spraying water at an angle parallel to the surface of a pizza cutter, It would spin dangerously fast. It made noticeable gyroscopic effects too.
I had discovered this too washing my pizza cutters at home. I started spinning plastic plates and such at work when I was at pizza place later on.
On a related note, I had created fidget spinners as a child decades before they were commercialized, with any simple object I could hold between my fingers and move with my own breath.
Nicola Tesla.... with all the technologies that are available today. Having a person like him around will surely make miracles happen!
He was and still the most intelligent person with inventional powers!
@money tech Do some deeper research, we've been sold a story about Tesla that is a very warped version of who he really was.
I am the future Nikola Tesla
I think I am addicted to your videos. The animation and explanation is on another level. Grt work.
the simplicity of the design just makes it cooler
@volarecantare 0.4mm is a standard thickness of stainless steel sheet. Have the spacers laser cut or punched and you can make them by the million if you want. Build a disk stack of 1mm thick disks and 0.4mm spacers. Quick and easy. I built one like this it works fine.
@Bob Berg You would be defeating the purpose. The ribs would interrupt the boundary-layer and lose energy. Tesla was following the discoveries of Charles Coulomb. A fluid has more contact points with a solid surface the smoother that solid surface is. Tesla, a genius, recognized the genius of Coulomb.
@Ion Busman qq
@Ronald Martin Mono Polar Durainium...
@Pat Morris IQ of at least 46…
wow excellent video in every way. informative, straight to the point, no extraneous nonsense, doesn't cater to the lowest common denominator. have a sub.
I would like to know what software you used to make the animations used in this video.
Great video none the less. :O
Just imagine having an outrageously strong/durable space aged material for one of those...
Perhaps some geometrically perfect carbon structure...
All of Tesla's inventions were inspired by his observation of the forces and laws of nature, stars, heliocentric systems, etc. On many occasions he confirmed that "images of his future inventions and solutions to current problems on the inventions he deals with" came to him in his dreams..
This actually helped me figure out pressed fuse glass. You can make glass really thin by pressing it between two kiln shelves, but the thinner it gets, the more it pulls on the kiln shelves, and the more it picks up kiln wash/kiln paper (intended to keep glass from just gluing to the kiln shelves. 3/16" or 4.5 mm can be pressed without destroying the kiln wash coating. 2.5mm cannot.
Glass does have a surface tension and "wants" to be about 6 or 7mm thick.
Elon Musk might be able to help you. He knows a lot about glass thickness. He even demonstrated this on a truck named after our man Tesla. What a coincidence!
@John Adam August Cotter The surface tension determines glass thickness. Floating on metal will make it 6-7mm thick.
Maybe float your glass on a molten metal? I work glass mostly on a propane/oxygen torch, have tried a little fusing here and there. At some point I saw some videos or toured an old factory (memory is faulty). I think they used lead or tin .
In other words he invented a turbine almost 100 years ago that is so freakin advanced that to this day we are unable to operate it according to design specifications. I wonder what else he invented
A death ray
I think another problem with this patent is that we need turbine power to generate electricity, not speed.I think if we want to turn the speed into power with a gearbox, the efficiency of the system will decrease because the system tends to stop. 🤔
Brilliant invention!
And a great explanation!
I am an electrical engineer, as Tesla would be defined today. so my background in fluid mechanics is lacking. I am assuming we can design the now flat uniform surface into a surface that would enhance the physics for the Tesla turbine effect and efficiency. I am guessing that maybe a spiral pattern engraved on the disk surface to match the desired rpm of peak efficiency.
If you go further down the rabbit hole of his patents you’ll find that he started chasing the efficiency, adding Venturi system that would drop pressure on the output and increase pressure on inputs.
@Brian P Comparatively, to what we have?... its surprisingly little actually. Maybe not so surprising when you think of it like a puzzle with too many pieces. Eventually you will get most of the pieces in the right spot. Eventually.
Most of our DNA is useless as it continually builds off the past. Well,.. I say useless... but who knows when one of those little switches will flip.
Also... minor correction.... DNA is FAR from perfect. It's so flawed, that it hurts. But thats besides the point,... your assertion that it would need intelligent design to reach the point humans are at requires evidence. It's simply an unfounded statement. As it stands, there is more standing evidence to suggest that it CAN reach such a point without intelligent design, as opposed to the complete lack of evidence to suggest that it can't.
That said... I don't think either of us would disagree that any concept of God, would simply be able to poof this all in. It stands to reason that an orderly intelligent design could certainly do it, and even do it better! But said God would still require more than baseless conjecture to be considered a possibility.
"doesn’t address how these basic life forms expand their DNA over time to evolve into larger more complex creatures and certainly not in an ordered way"
Actually it kind of does, life and death, creation, age and change happens on every level of existence for organisms.
... and you are right that it doesn't do it in an ordered way. It doesnt have to. Life, and essentially your DNA, has time,... its you that doesnt. There is nothing to assert that it would have to do any of what it does in an ordering fashion either. I would say it helps explain why it took so dang long to get where we are in the first place.
Another correction "not biologically advantageous to carry around organs that are partially evolved that do not function yet"
in some cases organisms do, you even have some things in your own body that will cause you more harm, and little to no good... were you not aware of this?
in others, they function just fine in their lesser versions. Organisms evolve based on what works, and over time they change(but not necessarily improve)... those that didnt, die.
"Thus we have an infinite cause, the source of the first motion in the universe, the prime mover, ie a God."
Thats just one huge fallacy statement. One, you jumped from point a, to point z without a real connection- its just one big leap of logic. You have to assume you already have all the pieces and understand everything involved to even make the case. Its what all religious goons eventually fall back on... "BECAUSE GOD!" ... its stupid and lacks any real thought.
Your use of a lack of information to confirm God in the positive, is worse than the lack of reason people give for claiming he doesnt exist. Appealing to ignorance is one of the worse arguments you can make.
Besides,... we do know where our intelligence comes from. And we have a fair grasp on why it developed to that point.
What we don't have, are humans capable of grasping just how lucky they are and accepting it.
We have people asking, "What are the chances? There is no way"
But we do not have anyone saying "No matter who it was going to be, they would end up asking the same thing" And why is that?
It didnt have to be you. Stop staring life in the ass and making up narratives for how it came about. Try to actually understand it, rather than arbitrarily making crap up to believe.
@Daniel Wilkinson "a fool says in his heart there is no God."
while flawed, its still far better than the fool who says in his heart there is a God without ever having set on a path to find God and confirm it.
Without evidence and reason, to claim an answer to the complete unknown is the height of folly. Every religious argument for God, eventually falls back on nothing but pure belief.
To answer in its negative, when no evidence suggest it in the positive, is still folly as a lack of evidence is not proof of its non-existance. But at least it lacks delusion.
Also... please try to understand the topic material you bring up BEFORE attempting to use it as some kind of foundation for anything. You clearly don't understand DNA or evolution.
It would also help to understand what science actually is, and that a process to discover truth cannot be compared to a cult that asserts truth arbitrarily(and thus cannot be seen as anything other than being made up... as in, untruthful or at the very least dishonestly given without being truly known and discovered). You don't have the points you think you do. This is the problem with you idiots. Science isn't just out to destroy your religion, its not on some scale where either science is true, or your religion is true... it could care less about it. It's just that your religion doesn't follow any logical form of thinking. Thus people start seeing how stupid it really is.
@Matt Brown cool article. However just because we were able to produce the basic RNA which presumably would be the basis for the first life forms it still doesn’t address how these basic life forms expand their DNA over time to evolve into larger more complex creatures and certainly not in an ordered way. Let’s consider organs for example, how many different parts of our DNA are involved in the creation of say the heart? The heart is a very complex muscle/organ and if even one part of it is not properly formed or is absent then the whole organ fails and the heart being critical in most creatures means the creature dies not allowing the progress of the random evolution to continue. Even if it was a system that wasn’t strictly necessary for that creature at that point in its evolution for its survival It does not seem logical or biologically advantageous to carry around organs that are partially evolved that do not function yet. Thus it would seem that while the basic RNA can be created via the correct conditions and elements, the expansion of that into some thing as perfect as the DNA required to produce a functioning complex being such as a human or even an animal requires atleast some form of ordered guidance which speaks to intelligent design. Where then did the intelligence come from? Our universe, built on the principle of cause and effect, tells us that there must have been an initial cause to give the universe motion and it had to come from outside our material universe. Thus we have an infinite cause, the source of the first motion in the universe, the prime mover, ie a God.
@What is Islam? subhuman
This is all very true.
"I am a jealous God."
"Have no other God before me."
What if you change the design from centrifical force to entrifical force? Then the forces would compress the disks rather than expand them.
I will talk about the problems in this engine, it is good only when you want this for a short period of time it will be good, now we are talking about the problems of friction, speed difference, eroding metal also very expensive maintenance Also, the balance shaft corrodes or kills itself faster than any engine you know. Thank you
I wonder if there has been research into higher viscosity, slower rpm applications. I'm curious about how much torque could be achieved. I expect it's quite low, but what's the upper limit?
@Mark Stockman I was thinking more along the lines of a heavy duty off-road application. I actually designed an automatic "hydraulic differential" (only exists on paper) but it would need individual hydraulic motors for each wheel. For a "bug out" rig (like an Argo), low rpm wouldn't be a problem.
Cool thing about the disc turbine- run it as a pump, it is great at pumping extremely viscous liquids, slurries, etc. You've got a great idea- using a high viscosity working fluid would generate more torque at lower RPM. Wonder how it would work when you need high RPM out of something powered by hydraulics?
What if multiple tesla turbines are run in parallel dividing the flow of fluid to limit the higher RPM?
What I mean, is it possible to divide those very high RPMs into multiple tesla turbines?
You had explained the boundary layer concept so easily my professors can’t even get near.
You do not exist, you are a fictional entity completely fabricated by my own design.
Tesla spinning AC Hydro powered ''Deu x machin'' made to much N.G apparently soo why can't they not just repeat that thermal mashine for fluid motion in Ox of air (Maybe even vacuucm ,?,)
Apparently the fool's reversed such as not to over power stuff :
(I think it was this one) To simply make 1.1 pizo magnetic void as a example in Oxygen of air (Slap's a pressured air nozzle to dual inlets) an Job's a good un ,
@Brush Haidinger I agree they are not interested in anything any concept they just teach ROTE learning and try to ensure everyone get a passing grade so that their result be ok for the batch to show the HOD... 😞
You have horrible professors, then.
Przy moim silniku elektrycznym to by było auto na zasięg 3000 km na połowie baterii tej co Tesla ma o.O
Super excited to see the explanation of the Teslar turbine very interesting to me. 👍
I used to balance rotors for 3 phase motors and I cringed a little bit at the thought of balancing something at 50,000 RPM. Even 2 pole rotors are not typically balanced at full speed; there are only a handful of facilities in the US that can balance large 2-pole rotors at full-speed RPM
OMG !!! THE ANIMATION !! THE PHYSICS!! ITS JUST PERFECTTTTTTTTTTTT!!!!!!!!! RESPECT !! GREAT JOB !!😍👏👏👏👏👏👏👏 that's it I'm subscribing
the problem are the high rpm🤷♀️at 40-50k rpm everything goes bad, bearings, discs and so on...sadly🤷♀️
Hasn't there been some advances in bearings over the years perhaps even replace the bearings with magnetic type bearings surely there must be a way to get this to work as Tesla intent.
@Richard Pike thanks for the info Richard .
Bearings aren't the issue, the size of the discs are. Under the speeds needed to achieve the high effeciency levels, things literally start to fly apart because material science hasn't quite come up with something to withstand those forces.
If only Tesla's technology took over the world instead.
Can this be done with water flowing into canals? since everywhere has water canals from their homes pushing water back into reservoirs/treatment plants.
A Tesla invention/discovery too far ahead of his time to be applied in practice.
Tale as old as Tesla's career, that one...
That was the best simple explanation of a tesla turbine that I have seen, I'm glad you also explored the engineering challenges. Thanks for the video!
He truly was limited by the technology of his time
Congratulations for this presentation. Thank you for your work.
when your so genius that things you invent cannot be built with your time's primitive technology
Doesn't the fluid flow need to be fast enough to power the engine? in order to accelerate the engine, the fluid needs to have a speed higher than the linear speed of the disk at where they contact each other right? Is this speed usually achievable and how?
I like how the RPM of the 3 meter disk was assumed and not the fluid flow velocity. Since the turbine works on skin friction, the average speed of the disk cannot exceed the average speed of the fluid. At the tips, if the disk is spinning faster than the fluid, then the fluid will actually be slowing it down rater than speeding it up. You could have just said that you would need the fluid to flow at Mach 18 to spin the disk fast enough, and that's assuming the material could handle the centripetal forces, which they can't. There's no way we are making a hypersonic fluid flow contained in a pipe in the first place, regardless of if the disk could handle the forces. It's a non starter on multiple fronts.
Increase the viscosity of the fluid or decrease the temperature of the disks
@Where’s Waldo did u say God?
@MrDmadness
I thought I heard that the figures for bumble bee flight don't add up too....or is that an urban myth?
There’s plenty of US patents from 1940s with hypersonic fluid
@Chris you're right...this one, like many others "miracles" of Tesla (and Da Vinci before him) are not used in world not because of a villainous plane, but just because they are only beautiful but wrong inventions
People say they'd love to have a time machine to go back and bring tesla into modern age to give him new toys, new science and tech...
... I think that may have already happened...
This basically means that the Tesla turbine would be great at powering cars and other vehicles!
Unfortunately no. Flywheels have been tried, but you run into a few significant issues. The high speed discs cause rotational / angular momentum and will counteract turning forces. The speed of the discs is hard to capture and transfer into power for the vehicle - imagine redlining a car and then shifting a manual transmission without being able to adjust the incoming rotation speed of the engine. Finally, in an accident, the energy needs to go somewhere, those discs are very deadly with all that stored energy. Finally, the waste of energy to spin up and not use the power - say stuck in traffic or making frequent stops to run errands, means that the energy is lost or wasted.
Best explanation I have seen on this! Thank you!
TLDR: Tesla, back in those days, created a machine so powerful, even today we don't have materials nor physical capability to use his invention at full power.
His invention (BACK THEN) is literally too powerful for us (RIGHT NOW) to contain its full power.
Great video! There is another basic turbine configuration that wasn’t mentioned. That is the API 611 solid wheel steam turbine which is commonly used in the petroleum industry. The design uses buckets machined into the outside of the wheel which enhance the power transmission capability of the drive over a straight up Tesla design. The advantage of the solid wheel API 611 turbine over conventional axial flow bladed turbines (which are more efficient) is that the solid wheel design can handle liquid slugs which are often present due to poor quality steam that falls below superheated temperatures as it is pumped to the turbine. It is hard to keep pressurized steam in the superheated state when transported from the boiler to the turbine.
@Wildfire Kingdom there are a hand full of other more viable options than using marble. thank god we dont live in the stone age. Modern alloy, ceramics and composites provide us ample opportunity to fab discs for steam duty like this at scale.
@Sara solid marble shouldnt have a problem. It’s very dense
@Wildfire Kingdom you may be right, but I wonder if marble could handle the G forces of that high of RPM's? A marble disk might explode?
His mistake was using metal. Marble wouldnt warp. It would only break if it was already cracked. Has anyone ever tried it?
you know you've gone too far when you have made a turbine/generator so powerful it destroys itself.
wouldnt the disk size be able to be reduced by adding more disks and increasing pressure? and wouldn't increasing the width of the intake nozzle to cover more disks work to help it too?
@hanelyp1 pressure turns into velocity when it meets a lower pressure system, that is why a hose sprays when you cover part of the hole. the turbine would be a lower pressure due to its higher volume relative to intake.
increasing the width of the intake would help spread out that pressure over a greater area, reducing the pressure at the opening (with the pressure being due to it backlogging as friction reduces its spread to other locations), and thus increasing speed.
increasing the disks would counteract the reduced area of the smaller disks too, increasing the effect to a similar point as the bigger one.
This is not a pressure driven turbine, but velocity driven. The inlet nozzle needs to convert pressure into velocity.
So the real beenfit is that its easier to build - beside the accurate meassurement needed.
I think Senku would build one of them.
Very fascinating :) However, I would not use the term "engineering impossibility", as that denotes that every option has been pursued, tried, and proven to not work. Which it has not occurred. Instead, use the term "engineering challenge" 😀
Spinning a 3 metter blade at mach 13.
That is, 13*330m/s. Well, it's impossible.
I wonder if a quartz disc instead of a metal one if that would be able to deal with the stress better. Imagine a diamond disc even.
How does the working fluid slow down and go into progressively smaller volumes (same gap between rotors, smaller diameter as you move toward exhaust.) without pressure going UP?
Thank you for the interesting article. I’m embarrassed to say I didn’t know of this invention